NOTES PREPARED BY
ASHAQ HUSSAIN BHAT
TEACHER SCHOOL
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
JAMMU AND KASHMIR
"NUTRITION IN PLANTS"
TEXT BOOK EXERCISES
Q. 1. Why do organisms need to take food ?
Ans. It is the process in which green plants prepare their own food by taking CO², and H²0 in the presence of sunlight. Thus green plants convert solar energy into chemical energy by making starch.
Q. 2. Distinguish between a parasite and saprotroph.
Ans. Differences between a parasite and saprotroph.
Parasite .
(1) Organism depend upon other living organisms for its food.
Examples : Cuscuta, tape- worms, round-worms.
(2) They produce special type of organs like suckers, hooks to obtain their food.
Saprotroph.
(1) Organism obtain their food from dead organic matter.
Examples : Fungi, bacteria,
(2) They secrete some enzymes to decompose
complex molecules into simple form.
Q. 3. How would you test the presence of starch in leaves ?
Ans. Take few green leaves. Boil them in water to remove green pigment. Take out the leaves and put 2-3 drops of iodine solution. The blue-black colour of leaves indicate the presence of starch in the leaves.
Q. 4. Give a brief description of the process of synthesis of food in green plants.
Process of food synthesis in green plants.
Q. 5. Show with the help of a sketch that the plants are the ultimate source of food.
The figure shows that every heterotroph depends upon autotrophs for their food. Hence plants are ultimate source of food,
Q. 6. Fill in the blanks.
(a) Green plants are called.......... since they
synthesise their own food.
(b) The food synthesised by the plants is stored as...............
(c) In photosynthesis solar energy is captured by
the pigment called....................
(d) During photosynthesis plants take in
...........and release ..............
Ans. (a) Autotrophs (b) Starch (c) Chlorophyll
(d) Carbondioxide, Oxygen.
Q. 7. Name the following:
(1) A parasitic plant with yellow, slender and tubular stem.
(2) A plant that has both autotrophic and heterotrophic mode of nutrition.
(3) The pores through which leaves exchange gases.
Ans. (i) Cuscuta (ü) Pitcher plant (iii) Stomata.
Q. 8. Tick the correct answer :
(a) Amarbel is an example of:
(i) Autotroph (ii) Parasite ✔
(iii) Saprotroph (iv) Host.
(b) The plant which traps and feeds on insects is :
(i) Cuscuta (ii) China rose
(iii) Pitcher plant ✔ (iv) Rose.
Ans.(a) (ii) Parasite (b)(iii) Pitcher plant.
Q. 9. Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II.
Column I Column II
Chlorophyl Bacteria
Nitrogen Heterotrophs
Amarbel Pitcher plant
Animals Leaf
Insects Parasite
Answer
Column I Column II
Chlorophyll Leaf
Nitrogen Bacteria
Amarbel Parasite
Animals Heterotrophs
Insects Pitcher plant.
Q. 10. Mark 'T' if the statement is true and 'F if the statement is false :
(1) Carbondioxide is released during photosynthesis. (T/F)
(1) Plants which synthesise their food themselves are called saprotrophs. (T/F)
(ii) The product of photosynthesis is not a protein. (T/F)
(iv) Solar energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis.(T/F)
Answer
(i) Carbondioxide is released during photosynthesis. (F)
(ii) Plants which synthesise their food themselves are called saprotrophs.(F)
(iii) The product of photosynthesis is not a protein. (F)
(iv) Solar energy is converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis.
Q. 11. Choose the correct option from the following:
Which part of the plant takes in carbondioxide from the air for photosynthesis
(i) Root hair (ii) Stomata
(iii) Leaf veins (iv) Sepals.
Ans. (ii) Stomata.
Q. 12. Choose the correct option from the following:
Plants take carbondioxide from the atmosphere mainly through their.
(i) Roots (ii) Stem
(iii) Flowers (iv) Leaves.
Ans. (iv) Leaves.
Q. 13. Tick Mark (✔) the correct choice :
(i) Which one of the following is an insectivorous plant?
(a) Lichen
(b) Venus fly trap ✔
(c) Mushrooms
(d) Yeast. A
(ii) Two different organisms living together and both benefitting from each other, are known as:
(a) Saprophytic (6) Symbiotic ✔
(c) Parasitic (d) Heterotrophs.
(ii) Tiny pores on the surface of leaves are:
(a) Lamina (b) Stomata ✔
(c) Chlorophyll (d) Leaf scale.
(iii) Which of the following is the green colour pigment in leaves :
(a) Protoplast (b) Chloroplast
(c) Chlorophyll ✔ (d) Anthocyanini.
ADDITIONAL LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
Q. What do you understand by a parasite, saprophyte and symbiosis? Give one example for each.
Ans. Parasites. Those plants or animals which obtain their food from a host and also get shelter from it, are known as parasites. e.g. Cuscuta and Viscum etc.
Saprophytes. Those organisms which grow on dead and decaying organic matter and obtain their food from decomposed bodies are known as saprophytes. e.g. Bacteria, mushrooms etc.
Symbiosis. It is a type of relationship which is mutually beneficial for both the parents (host and parasite). e.g. Lichens are combination of algae and fungi. The fungus holds the algal cells in its mat of web-like hyphae and in return supplies water and dissolved minerals.
Q. Symbiosis is beneficial for both the partners, justify.
Ans. Symbiosis. The type of association in which both the partners are benefited is called symbiosis. In plants like lichens, there is an association of green algae and non-green fungus. The fungus forms a mat of web like hyphae to hold the algal cells. The fungal hyphae supply water and minerals to the algae. The algae can synthesise food for themselves as well as for the fungus...
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