NOTES PREPARED BY
ASHAQ HUSSAIN BHAT
TEACHER SCHOOL
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
JAMMU AND KASHMIR
An Indian American Woman In Space ; Kalpana Chawla
TEXT BASED EXERCISE
Answer the following questions.
Q1. Where was Kalpana Chawla born? Why is she called an Indian-American ?
Ans Kalpana Chawla was born in Karnal, Haryana. she got, married to flight instructor Jean-Pierre Harrison.That is why she is called an Indian-American.
Q2. When and why did she (Kalpana Chawla) go to U.S. ? Who did she marry
Ams. She went to U.S. after obtaining a Bachelor of Science degree in aeronautical engineering. She went there for a Master's degree. She married flight instructor Jean-Pierre Harrison.
Q.3. How did she become an astronaut? What gave her the idea that she could be an astronaut ?
Ams. After earning her Ph.D. in aerospace engineering. She was selected by NASA for training as an astronaut in 1994. People around her encouraged her to become an astronaut.
Q. 4. What abilities must an astronaut have, according to a journalist ?
Ans. An astronaut must know a lot about everything from Biology to Astrophysics to aeronautical engineering. He/She must have encyclopaedic knowledge.
Q. 5. Describe Kalpana Chawla's first mission in space.
Ans. Kalpana Chawla's first mission in the space shuttle Columbia lasted 15 days, 16 hours and 34 minutes. She went round the earth 252 times. She travelled 104.5 million kilometres.
Q. 6. What does Kalpana Chawla say about pursuing a dream? Do you agree with her that success is possible ?
Ans. According to Kalpana Chawla, the path from dreams to success does exist. Only you should have the capacity to find it and the courage to get onto it. Yes, I fully agree with her. Her own example is before us.
B. Read the newspaper report to find the following facts about Columbia's ill-fated voyage.
1.Date and place of lift off..................
2.Number of astronauts on board................
3.Number of days it stayed in space.............
4. Number of experiments done by scientists......
5.Date of return journey..............
6. Height at which it lost contact...............
Ans.
1. January 16, 2003 Kennedy Space Centre, Florida.
2. Seven
3. 16 days
4. 80
5. February 1.
6. 200,000 feet.
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LANGUAGE WORK
A. Match the following:
1. unprecedented space tragedy * something that cause feelings of respect and wonder
2. certified flight instructor. * having knowledge of a wide variety of subjects
3. space mission. * nowadays, in these times
4. super specialisation. *a set of jobs to be done in space by a group
5. encyclopaedic knowledge. * a person with the correct qualification to teach people to fly planes.
6. awe-inspiring. * a sad accident of a kind that has never happened before in space a person with the correct
7. in this age. * great expertise in a limited field or a particular subject.
Ans.
1. Unprecedented space tragedy. * a sad accident of a kind that has never happened before in space a person with the correct
2. certified flight instructor. * a person with the correct qualification to teach people to fly planes.
3. space mission * a set of jobs to be done in space by a group
4. super specialisation. * great expertise in a limited field or a particular subject.
5. encylopaedic knowledge. .*having knowledge of a wide variety of subjects.
6. awe-inspiring. *something that causes feelings of respect and wonder.
7. in this age. *now-a-days, in these times.
B. Use these phrases in sentences of your own, after finding out their meanings.
1. broke apart
2. streaked over
3. spread across
4. lifted off
5. blast off
3. spread across
6. went on
9. carry on
Ans. 1. Broke apart: An aeroplane broke apart in flames while landing.
2. Streaked over: The aeroplane lost contact with the ground control while it streaked over Nagpur.
3. Spread across : The news of the air crash spread across the country.
4. Lifted off: Space shuttle Columbia lifted off on January 16, 2003.
5. Blast off: The blast off of Insat-4. took place last month.
6. Went on : The speaker went on speaking for fifteen minutes.
7. Cheered along: She cheered along with her friends when her husband was installed as the President of the Lions Club.
8. On board: All the passengers on board were killed in an air crash yesterday.
9. Carry on : Please carry on with your work.
C. We add "un-" to make opposites. For example, true-untrue.
Add un to the words below to make their opposites. Then look up the meanings of the words you have formed in the dictionary.
1. identified
2. controlled
3. attended.....
4. successful
5. important
6. educated
7. interesting
8. qualified
9. trained
10. answerable
Hints: 1. unidentified 2. uncontrolled 3. unattended 4. unsuccessful 5. unimportant 6. uneducated 7. uninteresting 8. unqualified 9. untrained 10. unanswerable.
Meanings: For meaning use the word 'not' before the given words.
GRAMMAR WORK
1. You have already learnt something about simple past tense. You know we use simple past tense to talk about actions as in 'She made plants, birds and animals which looked very real'. In this sentence 'made' and 'looked' are the past forms of 'make' and 'look'. The verbs usually end in-ed. Some verbs do not take. ed. These verbs are called irregular verbs. Study the following verbs given as examples.
Answer only
Ans.
Go- went- gone
Drink. drank drunk
Try tried. tried
Sing sang. sung
Ring rang. rung
II. If you have to talk about the time now, you can use present continuous tense. Present continuous is also used :
(a) When we talk about a time connected with present as in,
These days more and more people are learning English'
(b) When we refer to a situation that is more or less temporary as in,
'Sonam is looking for her sister'.
(c) When we talk about some future definite plan or action as in,
The President is leaving for England on Monday'.
For present continuous tense. we use is/am/are=v=ing. (V=verb)
Now use the present continuous form of the verbs given in brackets in each of the following sentences :
(The first one is done for you)
(a) Do you want anything from the market ? Mother.........(go) there. (is going)
(b) I don't think we should disturb him. He's.............. (work) on his project.
(c) 'Do you know where Mohan is ? 'Yes, He's... (write) a letter to his uncle in his room.
(d) I.....…... (sell) my bike next week. It's very old.
(e) She ............ (plan) to visit Delhi next month. Do you want anything from there.
(f) I don't think they..............(join) us for dinner.
(g) "What's Akbar doing?' 'He......... (have) a bath.
(h) You can turn off the television. I am not........... (watch) it.
(i) Please be quiet, I am ............ (work),
(j) Is she..................(Play)the game?No she isn't
Ans. (b) working
(c) writing
(d) am selling
(e) is planning
(f) are joining
(g) is having
(h) watching
(i) working .
(j) playing.
LET'S TALK
In her message to the students of her college, Kalpana Chawla said. "May you have the vision to find the path from dreams to success. Wishing you a great journey."
Form pairs. Use "May you....." and "I wish you/Wishing you" to wish your partner good luck and success in;
(i) a sports event,
(ii) a quiz or a competition, and
(iii) a test or examination.
Be sure to thank your partner when she/he wishes you in turn. You may also look up a telephone directory, or go to a post office, and get a list in English and Hindi of standard phrases that can be sent in greeting telegrams anywhere in India. Discuss which of these you might use, and when. Compare the English and Hindi phrases for expressing good wishes. Do you know such phrases in any other language?
Ans. This is for discussion in the classroom under the class teacher's supervision.
LET'S WRITE
A. Do you have a 'dream', or something you very much wish to do? Write a paragraph saying what you want or wish to do. Then say (in another paragraph) how you think you can make your dream come true.
Ans. I want to serve the suffering humanity. There are patients who cannot afford to pay fee to the doctor or get the medicine. So many people die for want of proper treatment. The best way to fulfil my dream is to open a free dispensary for the ailing people. A relative of mine week. He has left a huge property in my name. The cash in bank amounting to rupees ninety lacs is more than sufficient to fulfil my dream.
B. Given below are some words that are spelled differently in British and American English. Fill in the blanks accordingly.
British. American
1. colour. color
2. labour. labor
3. traveller. traveler
4. counsellor. counselor
5. centre. center
6. theatre. theater
7. organise. organize
8. realise. realize
9. defence. defense
10. offence. offense
11. favour. favor
12. harbour. harbor
13. neighbour. neighbor
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