NOTES PREPARED BY
Tawseef Ahmad
Public School
TEACHER
Chapter:2 . History
'FROM TRADE TO TERRITORY The company establishes power '
1. Match the following. ( Solved )
a) Diwani. ............. Right to collect land (revenue.)
b) “Tiger of Mysore”...............(Tipu Sultan).
c) Faujdari adalat................ (Criminal court.)
d) Rani channamma............ (Led an anti –British movement in Kitoor).
e) Sipahi.................. (Sepoy.)
2. Fill in the blanks
a) The British conquest of Bengal began with the battle of plassey.
b) Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan were the rulers of Mysore.
c) Dalhousie implemented the Doctrine of Lapse.
d) Maratha Kingdoms were located mainly in the South- western part of India.
3. State whether True of False
a) The Mughal Empire became stronger in the eighteenth century. (False)
b) The English East India Company was the only European company that traded with India. (False)
c) Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the ruler of Punjab. (True)
d) The British did not introduce administrative changes in the territories they conquered. (False )
Q4.What attracted European trading companies to India ?
Ans. The European trading companies came to India for trade which was highly profitable for them. These European companies were interested in buying some specific things which included fine varieties of cotton and silk textiles and spices like pepper, cloves cardamom etc. as these things were in great demand in the European markets.
Q5. What were the areas of conflict between the Bengal nawabs and the East India company ?
Ans. The nawabs of Bengal who had asserted their autonomy after the death of Aurangzeb refused to grant concessions to the British company, stopped it from extending fortifications, demand large tributes from the company for it’s right to trade etc. Thus the greed and over-ambitious nature of the British East India company led to its conflict with the nawabs of Bengal.
Q6.How did the assumption of Diwani benefit the East India company ?
Ans. The assumption of Diwani was a big achievement of the East India company in India. It solved its main problem of bringing silver and gold from Britain to buy different goods in India. Now the company began to buy these goods with the revenue that it raised from Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
Q7 Explain the system of “ Subsidiary Alliance.”
Ans. The system of Subsidiary Alliance was adopted by Lord Wellesley .Subsidiary Alliance was means used by the company to extend its control over the Indian states. Main features of this system were:
1. The Indian rulers were not allowed to have their independent armed forces. They were to be protected by the company, but had to pay for the subsidiary forces.
2. If the Indian rulers failed to make the payment to the British, then part of their territory was taken away as penalty.
Q8.In what way was the administration of the company different from that of Indian states ?
Ans. The administration of the company was different from that of the Indian states in the following ways:
1. The company divided its administrative units called Presidencies. In India ,districts were the main administrative units.
2. Each presidency was ruled by a Governor , whereas Indian rulers lacked such system.
3. The supreme head of the administration of the company was the Governor-Genera. In India, the head of the administration was the King or Nawab.
4. Two types of courts- Civil and Criminal, were setup by the British in every district. Whereas Indian rulers had no such system.
Q9. Describe the changes that occurred in the composition of the company's army ?
Ans. The changes that occurred in the composition of the company's army are discussed below:
1. The British East India company began to recruit Indian in its army known as Sepoy army. They were used to protect and enlarge the British territories in India.
2. With the change in warfare technology, the company recruited more infantry who were equipped with muskets and matchlocks.
3. Soldiers were well regulated through European style training, drill and discipline. This was done to develop a uniform military culture.
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