Global Warming Class 8th

NOTES PREPARED BY 
ASHAQ HUSSAIN BHAT 
TEACHER SCHOOL 
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT 
JAMMU AND KASHMIR

"Global Warming "

WORKING WITH THE TEXT

Q1. Why has the earth’s average surface temperature increased?

Ans:- Earths average temperatures increase due to the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapours.

Q2. Why the Himalayan region is called the ‘Water Tower of Asia’?

Ans:- Himalayan region is called as the water tower of Asia because Most of the Asian countries like China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, India And Pakistan get major portion of water from the rivers originating from Himalayan region. 

Q3. What are the main sources of water in the Kashmir valley?

Ans:- Rivers, Streams, lakes, Ponds, Springs are the main source of water in Kashmir valley. 

Q4. Why is water the most precious natural resource?

Ans:- water is the most precious natural resources because without water life is un imaginable, mostly it is used in drinking, bathing, cooking , irrigation and electricity generation . 

Q5. How has Kashmir been influenced by global warming?

Ans:- Kashmir valley has been influenced by global warming in many ways like, scarcity of water, rapid melting of glaciers, drying up of seasonal streams , drying of springs , un even change in climate and recession of snow cover in our major glaciers like Kolhai etc

Q6. How is global warming the largest threat to the humanity?

Ans. Global Warming is the largest threat to the mankind . Because of global warming glaciers are melting at very fast rate , which will cause the rise in the sea level due to which the low lying areas will submerge in water and drought in upper areas . 

Q7. What do you think is the cause of decrease in snowfall in Kashmir?

Ans:- Global warming changes the patter of seasons and weather so is the cause of decrease in snowfall in our kashmir valley. 

Q8. What has been the impact of global warming on J & K so far?

Ans:- Global warming has  devastating impact on  j&K because it has merged the difference between seasons which was well defined a decade ago, melting of glaciers and reduction in snow fall are some of it's impacts  of global warming on jammu and Kashmir. 

Q9. What role do the scientists play in J & K to deal with the problem of global warming?

Ans. Scientists have considered the Kolhai glacier as one of the index glacier in the Lidder Valley. It has been selected for long term monitoring. This Glacier is the major source of water in this valley, so they have indexed this glacier  for five years after which they will recommend measures to bring down the glaciers recession rate.

Q10. What do we, as individuals, need to do deal with the problem of global warming?

Ans. As an individual, we should try to curtain the emission of green house gases ,we should minimize the use of fossil fuels, we should plant more trees and we should educate people about the dreadful effects of  global warming and it's causes. 

LANGUAGE WORK

I. Fill the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate compound word/s or phrases from the box below:

White House/white house, Green House/greenhouse, Black box/black box, Strong hold/stronghold, White-collar/whitecollar

1. a) We live in a beautiful Green House.

    b) My uncle has built a greenhouse next to his house, where he grows vegetables in winter.

2. a) Most PhD’s only prefer white-collar jobs.

    b) He was wearing a pink shirt with a white collar.

3. a) We live in the white house near the mosque.

    b) The president of America lives in the White House.

4. a) My wife keeps her jewellery in a black box.

    b) The black box has been found. It will now be possible to find out why the plane crashed.

5. a) He has strong hold on his wife.

   b) The southern part of the state is a stronghold of the robbers.

II. Use the following phrases or expressions from the lesson in your own sentences;in progress, uncontrollable rate, across the globe, in the backdrop of, at an alarming rate, an irritating change, bereft of, dried up, at the global level, heavy burden

Answer. 

In progress: The game was already in progress when we reached stadium.

Uncontrollable rate: The covid19 cases are increasing  at uncontrollable rate in india

Across the globe:  terrorism is major threat in under developed countries across the globe.

In the backdrop of: State employees are not well satisfied in the backdrop of state economy.

At an alarming rate: world population is increasing at an alarming rate.

An irritating change: Pollution leads to an irritating change in environment.

Bereft of: People, are bereft of the cause of global warming.

Dried up:  the river Brangi  have dried up due to the sink hole at its center. 

At the global level: We should find the measures to fight against the increasing un employment at the global level . 

Heavy burden:  Inflation causes heavy burden on the shoulders of  common man .

III. Other effects of global warming include heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, species extinction, etc. In the above sentence, the word nearest in meaning to extinction' is 'destruction'. Words having the same or nearly the same meaning are called synonyms. In each of the following sentences, a word has been italicized. Choose the synonym of the word from the four options given:

1. Sporadic rise in his temperature has caused us much worry.

a. Frequent       b. irksome      c. irregular        d. scattered

Answer.   c. Irregular

2. Reading of poetry is not congenial to his state.

a. Suited         b. Beneficial      c. Helpful      d. Preferable

Answer.   a. Suited

3. The weavers have to do monotonous work.

a. Repetitive    b. exhaustive     c. irksome     

d. autonomous

Answer. a. Repetitive

4. The fishing pulled away from the wharf and chugged smoothly down the bay.

a. harbor      b. shore      c. quay        d. ager

Answer. c. Quay

GRAMMAR WORK

The Gerund

Look at the following sentences:

1. He loved cycling.

2. They stared at her without blinking.

In the above sentences, the words in bolu – cycling and blinking are apparently present participles or -ing forms of verbs, but in the above sentences, these words function as both verbs and nouns, and they are as such called Gerunds or Verbal

Nouns.

As both the Present Participle and the Gerund end in ‘-ing', they must be

carefully distinguished. The Gerund functions as a verb and a noun, while the Present

Participle functions as a verb and an adjective; it is as such called a Verbal

Adjective.

Now In the following sentences, use either infinitive or gerund in order to make them correct:

1. Laughing is good for health. (to laugh / laughing)

2. Our turn being over, we left the library. (be / being)

3. The old woman tried to go to the hospital alone. (to go/ going)

4. Being late for school is his habit. (to be / being)

5. Hina, having completed her work, left home. (to have / having)

6. Listening music is her hobby. (to listen / listening)

7. I liked to read Arabic literature. (to read / reading)

8. His only aim was to cheat. (to cheat / cheating)

9. Fishing is not allowed here. (to fish / fishing)

10. Children love to make mud houses. (to make / making)

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