Notes prepared by
Ashaq Hussain Bhat
Teacher school education
Department Jammu and Kashmir
Class 10th
Lesson No 4 English
Long walk To Freedom
Qno1:-Why May 10 is an "autumn” in South Africa
Ans:-South Africa continued under (oppressed) white domination for three hundred years. They then had a long but invariable struggle against this white domination and finally succeeded in freeing their people from the oppression and brutality of apartheid. It was on May 10 when they obtained the fruit of their struggle. As the fruits are ripe in autumn and the day when we bring down the fruit from the tree is called autumn day. South Africa received the fruit of freedom from apartheid on May 10, which is why the date was called by Nelson Mandela in his address to his nation
Q2:- At the beginning of his speech Mandela mentions “an extra ordinary human disaster" What does he mean by What is the glorious human achievement "he speaks at the end?
Ans:-White government oppression for more than 300 years has been called "an extraordinary human disaster. Liberation from oppression has been called a glorious human achievement."
03:- What ideals does Mandela set for the future of South Africa?
Ans:-He sets forth the ideas to liberate all his people from the continued enslavement of poverty, slavery, oppression, exploitation, deprivation, suffering, gender discrimination, and other areas of prejudice.
Q4:-Why did such a large no, of international leaders attend the inauguration ? What did it signify the triumph of?
Ans:-They had come to honor South Africa's first democratic and non-racial government. It was a common victory for justice, peace and human dignity
Q5:-what does Mendala mean when he says he is simply the sum of all those African patriots who had gone before him?
Ans:-Mendela means that without the sacrifices of all those who came before him, he could never have been what he is today. It would never have been possible for him to become the first black president of South Africa without his scars. That's why he calls himself 'simply the sum of all those African patriots' who had gone before him.
Q6:- Would you agree that the depths of oppression create' heights of Character. How does Mandala illustrate this ?
.
Answer I agree that the depths of oppression create During the apartheid struggle in South Africa, people had to face oppression and brutality for decades together. This produced many great men like Oliver Tambos, Walter Sisulus, Bram Fischers, etc. They had extraordinary wisdom, courage and generosity.
07:- What 'twin obligations' does Mandela mention?
Ans. The twin obligations are- obligation to his family, to his parents, to his wife
and children And obligation to his people , his community and his country.
08:- How did Mandela understanding of freedom change with age and expression?
Ans:-Mandela's understanding of freedom changed with age and experience. During his childhood he learned that freedom was an illusion. As a young man he realised that his freedom has been taken from him. With advancing age and experience, he felt that not only his freedom but also the freedom of each one was reduced. So he decided to join the African National Congress to have freedom for all
Q9:-How did Mandela's hunger for freedom change his life?
Ans:-Mandela's hunger for freedom changed his life and transformed him from a law abiding attorney it turned him to a man without a home, it also forced him to live life of a monk.
Writing Work
Q:- Draw a character sketch any one of the following collection information from books/Internet,
(a) Martin Luther King Jr.
( b) Nelson Mendela
(c) M.K. Gandhi
(d) Fidel Castro.
Character sketch of Mahatma Gandhi: -
(Very important)
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in Porbander, a small town in Kathiawar in the state of Gujarat. His father was a minister in Rajkot. His mother was Putli Bai. She was an intelligent and religious leader. His mother had a great influence on him. Gandhi ji had a great love for his people, Satyagrah and non-voilence were the basic principles of his philosophy. He loved truth which according to him is the sharpest weapon to cut all evil. He was against throwing and did a good job of lifting the depressed classes. He called the low caste peoples, (Harijans) , the creatures of God. He called the truth God and God the truth.
He was fearless. He brought the people of India under one umbrella and was the man, among others, responsible for India's freedom
He was an educator and gave a great gift to the nation in the form of basic education. He had no desire for power. He was also a great social worker and wanted to serve the people for the best.
His heart bled at human tragedies. He was the apostle of peace and universal brotherhood. He lived and died for peace. On January 30, 1948, he was briefly killed by NathuRam Godse. Some said: “The opposite of non - violence was killed by violence....
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