NOTES PREPARED BY
ADIL AHMAD,M.A,M.Phill
TEACHER SCHOOL EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT JAMMU AND KASHMIR
Chapter 6
'Population'
1. What could be reasons of uneven distribution of population in India.
Ans. The reasons of uneven distribution of population in India are;
i) Topography
ii) Climate
iii) Basic Facilities such as education, health, electricity etc.
IV) Employment opportunities
Q2. Table 6.1 reveals that despite the decline growth rates, the numbers of people being added every decade is steadily increasing. Why?
Ans. Increased facilities provided comfortable life to people and better medical facilities that have brought down the death rate is the cause for an increase in people being added every decade despite the decline in growth rate.
3. What could be the reasons for such (sex ratio) variations?
Ans. The reasons for such (sex ratio) variations due to:
i. Society structure: Indian society is male dominant society. The people, here have remained in favour of a male child leading to female foeticide and dowry problems which make people think of female children as a burden.
ii. Illiteracy: India's literacy level is very low. They don't have proper education and discriminate between male and female children. In states like Kerala there are well-educated people who also follow matriarchal society rules and sex ratio in Kerala is 1058 females per 1000 males.
Exercise
1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives below:
i) Migrations change the number, distribution and composition of the population in:
(a) the area of departure
(b) both the area of departure and arrival
(c) the area of arrival
(d) none of the above
b) both the area of departure and arrival
ii) A large proportion of children in a population is a result of:
(a) high birth rate
(b) high life expectancies
(c) high death rate
(d) more married couples
birth rates
a) high birth rate
iii) The magnitude of population growth refers to:
(ay the total population of an area
(b) the number of persons added each year
(c) the rate at which the population increases
(d) the number of females per thousand males
(b) the number of persons added each year
iv) According to the Census 2001, a literate person is one who:
(a) can read and write his/her name
(b) can read and write any language
(c) is 7-year-old and can read and write any language with understanding
(d) knows 3 R's (reading, writing, arithmetic)
C) is 7-year-old and can read and write any language with understanding
2. Answer the following questions briefly.
i) Why is the rate of population growth in India declining since 1981?
Ans. The rate of population growth has been declining as a result of greater use of birth control measures.
ii) Discuss the major components of population growth.
Ans. The major components of population growth are Birth Rate, Death - Rate and Migration. The difference between bith rate and death rate accounts for natural increase in populations Immigration refers to the inflow of people into a region from other regions.
iii) Define age structure, death rate and birth rate.
Ans. The age structure of a population' refers to the number of people in different age groups in that population.
Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year.
Death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year.
iv) How is migration determinant of population change?
Ans.Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. It is a determinant factor of population change as it changes the demographics (size and composition) of both the areas of departure and arrival
3. Distinguish between population growth and population change.
Ans population Growth: It refers to the increase in the number of inhabitants of a region during a specific period of time.Natural increase of population and immigration are the major components causing population growth.
Population Change: It refers to the change in the distribution, composition or size of a population during a specific period of time.Natural increase,
immigration and emigration are the major components causing population change
4. What is the relation between occupational structure and development?
Ans.Development is related to occupational structure of the population. Countries are less developed where a higher percentage of population engaged in primary occupations like agriculture, animal forestry and fishing.
As development takes place more people move
into secondary occupations like manufacturing. In highly developed societies, there are a high
percentage of people involved in tertiary occupations like banking, commerce, transport and administration.
5. What are the advantages of having a healthy population?
Ans. The advantages of having a healthy population are;
i. A healthy individual is much more efficient and productive than an unhealthy individual.
ii. He or she is able to realise his or her potential, and play an important role in social and national development.
iii. Absenteeism is low where the workers are healthy.
6. What are the significant features of the National Population Policy 2000?
Ans. The National Population Policy 2000 provides a policy framework for:
I. imparting free and compulsory school education up to 14 years of age.
II.Reducing infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live births.
III.Achieving universal immunisation of children against all vaccine- preventable diseases
iv. Promoting delayed marriage and child bearing.
v. Making family welfare a people-centred programme.
vi.Providing nutritional services and food supplements to adolescents.
vii. Protecting adolescents from unwanted pregnancies and sexually- transmitted diseases, and educating them about the risks of unprotected sex
vii. Making contraceptive services accessible and affordable
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